An overview of the solar array technologies involved in current and coming European space projects is presented. A general description of the solar array of each specific programme is given by means of the mission requirements, solar array design, solar cell and solar cell assembly technology. This overview includes earth observation and scientific spacecraft. For longer-term future programmes a description of the envisaged solar array and solar cell technologies to be used, is presented, together with the applicable mission parameters. In conjunction with current and future applications, the ESA R&D guidelines in the areas of solar array and solar cell technologies, solar cell assembly technology, special test and verification activities including the in-orbit demonstration of new technologies are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier science B.V. All rights reserved.