Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol.64, No.4, 484-496, 1999
The influence of complex biological feedstock on the fluidization and bed stability in expanded bed adsorption
The stability of expanded bed adsorption systems (EBA) was studied in biomass containing culture broth by residence time distribution (RTD) experiments, using pulse inputs of fluorescent molecules as tracers. Different commercial adsorbents (Streamline DEAF, SP, Phenyl, Chelating, and AC) were tested at various biomass concentrations (2.5-12 %, wet weight) of whole (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) yeast, yeast cell homogenate, and Escherichia coil homogenate. Analyzing the RTD according to the PDE model (PDE: axially dispersed plug-flow exchanging mass with stagnant zones) allowed the calculation of three parameters: the number of transfer units for mass exchange between mobile and stagnant fraction (N), the Peclet number for overall axial dispersion (P), and the mobile fraction of the liquid in axially dispersed plug flow (phi). When fluidization was performed in particle-free buffer the normalized response signal (after perfect input pulse) was symmetric (N:0; P: 50-100; phi: 1), thus, demonstrating the formation of a homogeneous fluidized (expanded) bed. Upon application of suspended biomass the RTD was skewed, depending on the adsorbent used and the type and level of biomass present in the sample. This situation leads to three different characteristic pictures: the well-fluidized system (N: greater than or equal to 7-10; P:less than or equal to 40; (phi: 0.80-0.90)), the system exhibiting bottom channeling (N: < 1-2; P: greater than or equal to 40; phi: 0.5-0.7) and, the system where extensive agglomeration develops (N: 4-7; P: 20-40; phi: < 0.5). These results demonstrate that changes in the hydrodynamics of EBA a I ready take place in the presence of moderate concentrations of biomass. Furthermore, those changes can be quantitatively described mainly in terms of the fraction of stagnant zones in the system, which are formed due to the interaction of biomass and adsorbent. The technique described here can be used to evaluate a certain combination of adsorbent and biomass with regard to its suitability for expanded bed adsorption from whole broth.
Keywords:expanded bed adsorption;biomass adsorbent interaction;residence time distribution;fluidization;primary recovery