Chemical Engineering Science, Vol.55, No.14, 2571-2578, 2000
Application of ultrasound technology to electroorganic synthesis: Reduction of acetophenone
Electroreduction of acetophenone in an undivided cell was chosen as a model reaction to investigate the use of ultrasonication in organic electrosynthesis. The reaction was carried out in aqueous medium (water-methanol), at neutral pH and at a cadmium or zinc cathode. Electrochemical reduction of acetophenone yields alcohol through a bielectronic transfer and pinacol through a monoelectronic transfer. Operating conditions permit to modify the reduction state of the reactant. On a cadmium cathode, the major product is the alcohol whereas on a zinc cathode, the pinacol is rather obtained. The ultrasonic activation has been studied as regards the faradaic yield and the chemical selectivity. This work puts into evidence the interest of ultrasonication for electroorganic synthesis processes often submitted to passivation phenomena.