고탄성 폴리우레탄 발포체의 기포개방 - I. 폴리에테르형 기포개방제의 농도 영향

송기천; 이상목; 이동호; Kee-Cheon Song; Sang-Mok Lee; Dong-Ho Lee

Polymer(Korea), Vol.25, No.5, 679-690, September, 2001

Export Citation

고탄성 폴리우레탄 발포체의 기포개방 - I. 폴리에테르형 기포개방제의 농도 영향

Cell Opening of High Resilience Polyurethane Foam I. Concentration Effect of Polyether Type Cell Opener

송기천^†, 이상목, 이동호¹

한국포리올(주)연구소
¹경북대학교 고분자공학과

Kee-Cheon Song^†, Sang-Mok Lee, and Dong-Ho Lee¹

Korea Polyol Co., Ltd., 300-2, Yeocheon Dong, Nam-Gu, Ulsan, Korea
¹Department of Polymer Science, Kyungpook National University, 1370, Sankyuk-Dong, Buk-Gu, Taegu, Korea

E-mail:

초록

폴리에테르형 기포개방제를 사용한 고탄성 폴리우레탄 발포체의 제조에서 기포개방제의 농도변화가 계의 반응속도, 유변학적 성질, 발포체의 구조적인 안정성, 형태학적 성질 및 개방기포의 함량 등에 미치는 영향을 조사하고 이를 통하여 기포개방에서 기포개방제의 역할을 알아보았다. 또한 기포개방제의 농도에 따른 발포체의 기계적 물성을 관찰하였다. 기포개방제의 높은 친수성으로 인해 우레아 생성반응이 지연됨을 관찰하였다. 유변학적 성질의 관찰을 통하여 기포개방제의 농도 증가에 따라 계의 점도저하와 tan δ값의 증가를 확인하였고 이로 인해 얻어진 발포체는 낮은 구조적인 안정성과 높은 개방기포 함량을 나타내었다. 기포개방제의 농도 증가에 따라 matrix의 파괴와 matrix내 수소결합된 우레아의 고른 분산을 발포체의 형태학적 성질의 관찰로 확인할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 고탄성 폴리우레탄 발포체의 제조시 기포개방제의 높은 친수성에 기인하여 matrix의 탄성특성 저하가 일어나고 이로 인해 높은 개방기포 함량을 가진 발포체가 형성됨을 알 수 있었다. 발포체의 경도, 인장강도, 인열강도, 신율 등은 기포개방제의 농도 증가에 따라 저하하였다.

High resilience PU foams were prepared with polyether type cell opener. The influences of cell opener concentration on the kinetics, rheology, structural stability, morphology and open cell content of the obtained foam were investigated and the role of cell opener during cell opening was determined. And mechanical properties as a function of cell opener concentration were studied. It was observed that urea formation reaction was delayed due to high hydrophilicity of cell opener. The decrease of viscosity and the increase of tan δ were confirmed with increasing cell opener concentration so that the resulted foam had low structural stability and high open cell content. The deterioration of matrix and uniform dispersion of hydrogen-bonded urea in matrix with cell opener concentration was revealed by SEM analysis. As a result, elastic properties of the foam matrix were decreased due to high hydrophilicity of cell opener during the preparation of high resilience polyurethane foam and foam with high open cell content resulted. Hardness, tensile strength, tear strength, elongation of foam were decreased with increasing cell opener concentration.

Keywords:high resilience PU foam;cell opening;cell opener;open cell content;stability

[References]

Gum WF, Riese W, Ulrich H, "Reaction Polymers", p. 297, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (1992)
Oertel G, "Polyurethane Handbook", 2nd Ed., p. 218, Garl Hanser Verlag, Munich (1994)
Kollmeier HJ, Burkhart G, Klietsch J, Lammerting H, J. Cell. Plast., 20, 410 (1984)
Frey JH, Arnold AR, Boyer TC, Lassila KR, U.S. Patent, 6,080,800 (2000)
Cavender KD, J. Cell. Plast., 22, 222 (1986)
Yasunaga K, Neff RA, Zhang XD, Macosko CW, J. Cell. Plast., 32, 427 (1996)
Zhang XD, Davis HT, Macosko CW, J. Cell. Plast., 35, 458 (1999)
Rossmy G, Kollmeier HJ, Lidy W, Schator H, Wiemann M, J. Cell. Plast., 17, 319 (1981)
Patten W, Seefried CG, Whitman RD, J. Cell. Plast., 10, 279 (1974)
Kollmeier HJ, Klietsoh BJ, Rossmy G, Schator H, J. Cell. Plast., 13, 42 (1977)
Rossmy G, Kollmeier HJ, Lidy W, Schator H, Wiemann M, J. Cell. Plast., 13, 26 (1977)
Battice DR, Lopes WJ, J. Cell. Plast., 23, 158 (1987)
Creswick MW, Lee KD, Turner RB, Huber LM, J. Cell. Plast., 25, 441 (1989)
Falke P, Kudoke C, Rotermind I, Zaschke B, J. Cell. Plast., 35, 43 (1999)
McMlusky JV, Priester RD, O'Neill RE, Willkomm WR, Heaney MD, Capel MA, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 338 (1994)
Priester RD, McClusky JV, O'Neill RE, Turner RB, Harthcock MA, Davis BL, J. Cell. Plast., 26, 346 (1990)
Lowe AJ, Chandley EF, Leigh HW, Molinario L, J. Cell. Plast., 1, 121 (1965)
Artavia LD, Macosko CW, J. Cell. Plast., 26, 490 (1990)
Priester RD, Peffley RD, Turner RB, Herrington RM, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 144 (1994)

[Referenced By]

[1] Gum WF, Riese W, Ulrich H, "Reaction Polymers", p. 297, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (1992)

[2] Oertel G, "Polyurethane Handbook", 2nd Ed., p. 218, Garl Hanser Verlag, Munich (1994)

[3] Kollmeier HJ, Burkhart G, Klietsch J, Lammerting H, J. Cell. Plast., 20, 410 (1984)

[4] Frey JH, Arnold AR, Boyer TC, Lassila KR, U.S. Patent, 6,080,800 (2000)

[5] Cavender KD, J. Cell. Plast., 22, 222 (1986)

[6] Yasunaga K, Neff RA, Zhang XD, Macosko CW, J. Cell. Plast., 32, 427 (1996)

[7] Zhang XD, Davis HT, Macosko CW, J. Cell. Plast., 35, 458 (1999)

[8] Rossmy G, Kollmeier HJ, Lidy W, Schator H, Wiemann M, J. Cell. Plast., 17, 319 (1981)

[9] Patten W, Seefried CG, Whitman RD, J. Cell. Plast., 10, 279 (1974)

[10] Kollmeier HJ, Klietsoh BJ, Rossmy G, Schator H, J. Cell. Plast., 13, 42 (1977)

[11] Rossmy G, Kollmeier HJ, Lidy W, Schator H, Wiemann M, J. Cell. Plast., 13, 26 (1977)

[12] Battice DR, Lopes WJ, J. Cell. Plast., 23, 158 (1987)

[13] Creswick MW, Lee KD, Turner RB, Huber LM, J. Cell. Plast., 25, 441 (1989)

[14] Falke P, Kudoke C, Rotermind I, Zaschke B, J. Cell. Plast., 35, 43 (1999)

[15] McMlusky JV, Priester RD, O'Neill RE, Willkomm WR, Heaney MD, Capel MA, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 338 (1994)

[16] Priester RD, McClusky JV, O'Neill RE, Turner RB, Harthcock MA, Davis BL, J. Cell. Plast., 26, 346 (1990)

[17] Lowe AJ, Chandley EF, Leigh HW, Molinario L, J. Cell. Plast., 1, 121 (1965)

[18] Artavia LD, Macosko CW, J. Cell. Plast., 26, 490 (1990)

[19] Priester RD, Peffley RD, Turner RB, Herrington RM, J. Cell. Plast., 30, 144 (1994)