In this study the petrographic analysis results of Ptolemais and Servia Neogene lignites, Northern Greece, are presented. The geological position, lithotype, and maceral content of these lignites, as well as some chemical parameters and changes in, the reflection of different macerals, are described. The interdependence between maceral content and environmental conditions in the process of peat formation is traced. Petrographic analysis shows that coals are represented by different kinds of lignites from dark brown to black, semibright lignites, consisting mainly of the coal lithotype humoclarain rare strips and bands of blight humovitrain, and dull humodurain. The sample from the Lava deposit in the Servia Basin is composed of grayish to black, dark humoclarain. The predominance of humodetrinite macerals (densinite and attrinite) and the low contents of inertinite show that the lignites in the Ptolemais and Servia Basins are formed in limno-telmatic conditions and in different mire types, being similar to herbaceous swamp, fen, or marsh.