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Bulletin des Centres de Recherches Exploration-Production Elf Aquitaine, Vol.20, No.1, 1-35, 1996
Zechstein 2 carbonate reservoir facies distribution in relation to Zechstein sequence stratigraphy (Upper Permian, northwest Germany): An integrated approach
A multidisciplinary sequence stratigraphic approach has been used to better predict reservoir distribution using seismic data in the Zechstein 2 Carbonate oi Northwest Germany The Upper Permian Zechstein carbonate-evaporite cycles (Z1 to Z8 ?) of North Germany are assigned to eight depositional sequences (ZS1 to ZS8). The gas-bearing Zechstein 2 Carbonate (Stassfurt Carbonate, or Ca2) encompasses both transgressive and hesitant systems tracts of Zechstein sequence ZS3, and lowstand systems tract (lowstand wedge) of Zechstein sequence ZS4. By means of twenty-six subfacies types, the Ca2 carbonates can be subdivided into platform, upper slope, middle slope, lower slope: and basinal facies. Each Ca2 facies represents a predictable palaeogeographic position on the carbonate shell. Besides facies and subfacies, Ca2 reservoir character is mainly influenced by multistage diagenetic processes, Predominantly dedolomitization (cal-citization) of dolomitic Ca2-slope deposits deteriorated the reservoir quality. In general, the Ca2 is a lair to excellent reservoir where dolomite, but a non-reservoir where calcite. In order to better predict Ca2 reservoir facies: the carbonates are subdivided into seven parasequences bounded by parasequence boundaries, and a Ca2 maximum flooding surface as well as intra-Ca2 sequence boundary ZSB4 have been defined. Palynofacies analyses crucially support the sedimentologically-derived Ca2 sequence stratigraphic framework. Using an adequate a prion geological and sequence stratigraphic input model, forward and inverse seismic modelling make the interpretation of intra-Ca2 seismic infections locally possible. Detailed well to seismic ties, and the results of seismic modelling, show that platform-ward-dipping intra-Ca2 seismic reflections follow facies/lithology boundaries of the Ca2-slope environment, on lapping the underlying slope of the Werra Anhydrite (Al), Also the intra-Ca2 sequence boundary as well as the porous platform facies of the overlying lowstand wedge can locally he imaged on the seismic. The good correlation between Ca2 facies and the position of the slopes oi the underlying Werra Anhydrite (A1) and the sealing Basal Anhydrite (A2) allows the prediction of Ca2 reservoir facies from seismic data. Furthermore, the interpretation of seismic attributes, most critical in bimineral carbonate reservoirs (tight calcite versus porous dolomite) can now be done more reliably.
Keywords:MIXING ZONE;CLASTIC ACCUMULATION;LATE PLEISTOCENE;NORTHERNPOLAND;SE FRANCE;DOLOMITIZATION;DOLOMITE;PLATFORM;EVAPORITES;BASIN