Silica xerogels were prepared under three different solvent evaporation conditions before gelation and two calcination procedures after aging and drying, using a hydrochloric acid-catalyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate system with acetone as the solvent, The influence of calcination procedures on the percentage porosity and surface fractal dimensions of the resultant xerogels is investigated. The evaluation of percentage porosity and surface fractal dimensions based on field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy indicates that calcination generally causes an increase in percentage porosity and surface fractal dimensions. Calcination at 700 degreesC without an intermediate stay at 600 degreesC leads to larger extent of further condensation that hinders the increase of porosity and surface fractal dimensions, in comparison with calcination with an intermediate stay. The difference in porosity and surface fractal dimensions derived from calcination procedures is also influenced by the solvent evaporation conditions before gelation in preparation of the samples. When the solvent evaporation rate is slower, the difference is slight because further condensation in the resultant finer gel textures proceeds more efficiently.