A highly ordered monolayer film of alkanethiol-encapsulated gold nanoparticles was fabricated on a silicon substrate by using the Langmuir- Blodgett (LB) method. The effects on the particle order, of the particle concentration and the type of solvent of the LB spreading suspension of encapsulated gold particles, were studied. We found that a low particle concentration of 0.06-0.3 mg/mL in chloroform is optimal for the fabrication of high quality gold particle monolayers. Since the proposed method is not restricted to gold particles, it is believed to be a practical process for fabricating quantum dot structures of various particle sizes and compositions.