Aggregation of zinc mono-(4-pyridyl)-triphenylporphyrin (ZnPyP) in toluene and polystyrene/toluene mixtures has been investigated by steady-state optical spectroscopy. The Q-band absorption spectra, as well as the fluorescence spectra, show a temperature-dependent red shift as a result of ligation of the porphyrin zinc center. The smallest aggregate that can account for the optical spectra and their concentration dependence is a symmetrical tetramer in which each zinc atom is ligated to a pyridyl substituent of a neighboring porphyrin molecule. The Soret band shows a splitting, which can be explained by applying simple exciton theory to the tetramer. The equilibrium constant and thermodynamic parameters for the monomer-tetramer equilibrium have been determined as K = (6.2 +/- 0.8) x 10(13) M-3, triangleH = -40 +/- 2 kCalM(-1), triangleS = 150 +/- 10 CalK(-1)M(-1), in agreement with tetramer formation.