Fluid Phase Equilibria, Vol.174, No.1-2, 191-201, 2000
Perfluorocarbons and their use in cooling systems for semiconductor particle detectors
We report on the development of evaporative fluorocarbon cooling for the semiconductor pixel and micro-strip sensors of inner tracking detector of the ATLAS experiment at the future CERN large hadron collider (LHC). We proceeded with studies using perfluoro-n-propane (3M-"PFG 5030"; C3F8), perfluoro-n-butane (3M-"PFG 5040"; C4F10), trifluoro-iodo-methane (CF3I) and custom C3F8/C4F10 mixtures. Certain thermo-physical properties had to be verified for these fluids. Sound velocity was calculated for the pure fluids and custom mixtures. A sonar instrument was developed for the measurement of sound velocity in the above fluids at a variety of temperatures and pressures. Irradiation studies were made on the fluids using neutrons and gamma rays to determine their suitability for use in the high radiation environment at LHC.
Keywords:data;experimental method;velocity of sound;alternative refrigerants;perfluoro-carbons;mixtures