A new barium polytitanate Ba1.054Ti0.946O2.946 was synthesized by a citrate chemical route. The X-ray powder pattern of this compound was indexed to a hexagonal system, with space group P6(3)/mmc and lattice parameters a = 5.722(4) and c = 13.996(8) Angstrom. Prolonged annealing of the Ba1.054Ti0.946O2.946 in air at temperatures above 1150degreesC leads to a peritectoid decomposition reaction yielding Ba2TiO4 and cubic-BaTiO3, consistent with the known phase diagram. A thermal stability study of this compound demonstrates it to be a stable phase under ambient conditions and metastable under low oxygen partial pressures.