The present paper establishes results for the robust absolute stability of a class of nonlinear continuous-time systems with time-varying matrix uncertainties of polyhedral type and multiple time-varying sector nonlinearities. By using the variational method and the Lyapunov Second Method, criteria for robust absolute stability are obtained in different forms for the given class of systems. Specifically, the parametric classes of Lyapunov functions are determined which define the necessary and sufficient conditions of robust absolute stability. The piecewise linear Lyapunov functions of the infinity vector norm type are applied to derive an algebraic criterion for robust absolute stability in the form of solvability conditions of a set of matrix equations, Several simple sufficient conditions of robust absolute stability are given which become necessary and sufficient for special cases, Two examples are presented as applications of the present results to a particular second-order system and to a specific class of systems with time-varying interval matrices in the linear part.