화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.124, No.13, 3457-3460, 2002
Possible strategies toward the elusive tetraaminodisilene
In this paper we predict, using quantum mechanical calculations, which diaminosilylenes would dimerize to produce strongly bound tetraaminodisilenes, which so far have proven to be elusive. The central idea is that diaminosilylenes with a small singlet-triplet energy difference would dimerize to strongly bonded disilenes. Calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)//MP2/6-31G(d) level of theory showed that the energy difference between the ringlet and the triplet states (DeltaE(ST)) of diaminosilylenes (R2N)(2)Si: (1) strongly depends on (i) the twist angle phi between the SiN2 and the R2N planes and (ii) the NSiN bond angle a at the divalent silicon. DeltaE(ST) decreases with increased twisting (larger phi) and with widening of alpha. DeltaE(ST) is reduced from 70.7 kcal mol(-1) for planar {H2N)(2)Si: (1a) to DeltaE(ST) = 21.7 kcal mol(-1) when phi is held at 90degrees. Likewise, the bicyclic diaminosilylenes 1,4-diaza-7-silabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-7-ylidene and 1,5-diaza-9-silabicyclo[3.3.1]nona-9-ylidene (4a,b), with the nitrogens in the bridgehead positions (phi = 90degrees), have DeltaE(ST) values of 45.1 and 38.3 kcal mol(-1), respectively. When dimerized, these silylenes form strongly bonded disilenes 5 (E-dim = -32.2 kcal mol(-1) {4a) and -41.3 kcal mol(-1) (4b)) with Si=Si bond lengths of 2.239 Angstrom (4a) and 2.278 Angstrom (4b) {MP2/6-31G(d)//MP2/6-31G{d)). These theoretical predictions pave the way for the synthesis of the first strongly bonded tetraaminodisilene. Due to the steric requirements, also silyl substitution at nitrogen has a significant effect on DeltaE(ST) and [{H3Si)(2)N](2)Si: (1d) is predicted to form a stable Si=Si bonded dieter (E-dim = -24.1 kcal mol(-1)). However, the larger size of the Me3Si substituent prevents the formation of a Si=Si bonded dieter of [(Me3Si)(2)N](2)si: (1e).