(C)onformation of a single flexible polyelectrolyte molecule with a hydrophobic backbone in aqueous solution is effected by the interplay of the short-range intramolecular attraction and the long-range Coulomb repulsion. The conformation can be frozen if the molecule is trapped by a solid substrate. With this approach, we prepared the range of single molecule templates from poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) deposited on the surface of Si-wafer or mica in different conformations from an elongated wormlike coil to compact globule. Pd(+2) was coordinated by P2VP via an ion exchange reaction exposing the samples to palladium acetate acidic aqueous solution. In the next step, Pd(+2) was reduced by dimethylamine borane. This route results in wire-shaped metallic nanoparticle assembles of about 2-5 nm in diameter and 50-700 nm in length. The conformation and size of the underlaying polyelectrolyte molecules determine the dimensions of nanoparticles.