Journal of Materials Science, Vol.37, No.16, 3541-3548, 2002
The microstructure and elevated temperature strength of tungsten-titanium carbide composite
A new tungsten matrix composite containing 30 vol% titanium carbide particles (W-TiC) produced by sintering under 20 MPa pressure at 2000degreesC in a vacuum has been developed in order to improve the elevated temperature strength of tungsten. Flexural strength tests of the W-TiC composite in the temperature range 20-1200degreesC showed that the strength was significantly increased by the presence of TiC particles. The flexural strength at 1000degreesC was 1155 MPa, which was much higher than that at 20degreesC (770 MPa). Microstructural observations showed that a interdiffusion zone was produced at the W matrix-TiC particle interface, and a strong bond was formed between TiC and W, which was very beneficial to the elevated temperature mechanical properties. The mechanisms of fracture at 20degreesC and 1000degreesC were investigated. The fracture at 20degreesC was brittle. There was a growth-coalescence process for the initial cracks during the fracture process of the W-TiC composite at 1000degreesC, and the W matrix exhibited ductile tearing. The excellent elevated temperature strength of W-TiC composite was attributed to the brittle-ductile transition in the W matrix, which allows more effective strengthening from TiC particles.