The synthesis and characterization of tropone-containing pi-conjugated oligomers were investigated. Two kinds of oligomers [1,4-phenylene type (4a-4e) and 2,5-thienylene type (5)] were successfully obtained by the Wittig polycondensation technique, in which the tropone content could be controlled by the monomer feed ratio for the 1,4-phenylene-type oligomers. The absorption maximum blueshifted and the emission intensity decreased with an increase in the tropone content in the oligomers. The emissive color could be tuned by the selection of the aromatic ring; that is, 4a-4e emitted orange-yellow light and 5 emitted either orange-yellow or red light according to the excitation wavelength.