Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.124, No.40, 11900-11907, 2002
Synthesis of a negatively charged dibenzofuran-based beta-turn mimetic and its incorporation into the WW miniprotein-enhanced solubility without a loss of thermodynamic stability
A versatile synthesis has been developed to functionalize the 4-(2-aminoethyl)-6-dibenzofuran propionic acid residue (1a) at the 2 and 8 positions with a variety of different substructures, The unfunctionalized version of this peptidomimetic (1a) is known to facilitate beta-hairpin formation in a variety of small peptides and proteins in aqueous solution when incorporated in place of the i + 1 and i + 2 residues of a U-turn. In this study, we append propionate substituents on 1 a at the 2 and 8 positions to successfully overcome solubility problems encountered with the incorporation of la in place of the i + 1 and i + 2 residues of the beta-turn in loop 1 of the WW domain. The thermodynamic stability of several WW domain analogues incorporating residues 1a and 1b was compared to that of the wild-type sequence revealing comparable DeltaG(H2O) unfolding values at 4 degreesC ranging from 3 to 3.6 kcal/mol. WW domains incorporating residue 1b exhibit improved solubility (exceeding 100 muM) and resistance to aggregation without compromising thermodynamic stability.