Chemical Engineering Science, Vol.57, No.19, 4199-4208, 2002
Transport in nonporous membranes
A theory is developed for isothermal, steady-state transport of solutes and solvents in nonporous membranes in the absence of electrical effects. The proposed equations, which include the effects of both concentration and pressure gradients, are used to analyze gas separations, ultrafiltration, solvent drag, and osmotic effects and negative anomalous osmosis.