나트륨-물 반응에 의한 전열관 표면에서의 부식과 반응특성에 대한 연구

정경채; 정지영; 김병호; 김태준; 최종현; 김의식; Kyug Chai Jeong; Ji Yong Jeong; Byung Ho Kim; Tae Joon Kim; Jong Hyeun Choi; Eui Sik Kim

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.14, No.1, 54-60, February, 2003

Export Citation

나트륨-물 반응에 의한 전열관 표면에서의 부식과 반응특성에 대한 연구

A Study on the Corrosion and Reaction Characteristics at the Heat Transfer Tube Surface by Sodium-Water Reaction

정경채^†, 정지영, 김병호, 김태준, 최종현, 김의식 ¹

한국원자력연구소 KALIMER 기술개발팀, 대전 305-353
¹충북대학교 화학공학과, 충북 361-763

Kyug Chai Jeong^†, Ji Yong Jeong, Byung Ho Kim, Tae Joon Kim, Jong Hyeun Choi, and Eui Sik Kim¹

KALIMER Technology Development Team, KAERI, Daejeon 305-353, Korea
¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea

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초록

본 연구에서는 증기발생기 전열관 재질로 예상되는 페라이트 강을 사용해서, 액체 나트륨 분위기에서 미량 물누출 실험을 수행하여, 시편의 누출부위와 표적표면에서 발생되는 재질의 부식현상, 나트륨-물 반응에 의한 온도 상승현상 등에 대한 특성을 관찰하였다. 실험결과, 시편의 누출구멍 주변은 나트륨부위에서 나트륨-물 반응에 의해 발생되는 부식 및 침식에 의한 wastage 현상에 의해 손상을 입어 누출구멍의 직경이 확대되었으며, 누출부위에서의 손상은 초기 누출구멍 크기인 150 μm에서 200 μm 정도로 확대되었고, 표적표면에 나타난 손상부위의 크기는 약 1000 μm 정도로 분석되었다. 또한, 표적표면에서의 온도는 나트륨-물 반응에 의해 형성되는 반응열에 의해 약 70 ~ 80 ℃정도 상승하였으며, 손상부위 표면을 EPMA 및 EDX로 분석한 결과, 나트륨 산화물과 전열관의 모지 금속을 구성하는 Fe이나 Cr등의 원소와 반응하여 (NaOH+Na₂O)·Fe_xO_y나 (NaCrO₂+Na₂CrO₄)같은 형태의 복합산화물을 형성하는 것으로 판명되었다.

In this study we observed the corrosion phenomena in a leak site and the effect of temperature at the target surface of heat transfer tube material by sodium-water reaction through water leakage in liquid sodium atmosphere. Surrounding of the leak hole of the specimen was damaged by the wastage phenomena due to corrosion and erosion of material, and the hole size, by damage of leak site, was extended from 150 μm to about 200 μm. Also, the damaged size appeared in the target surface was observed to be about 1000 μm diameter. The temperature of target surface increased about 70 ~ 80 ℃ by the heat of sodium-water reaction even with a small leakage of 15 mL water. From the results of EPMA and EDX analysis, damaged areas are found to be covered with complex compounds such as (NaOH+Na₂O)·Fe_xO_y or (NaCrO₂+Na₂CrO₄) mixed up with the sodium oxides by sodium-water reaction and the Fe or Cr element by matrix of tube material.

Keywords:sodium-water reaction;wastage;corrosion

[References]

Foust OS, Sodium-NaK Engineering Handbook, Vol. I, Sodium Chemistry and Physical Properties, Gorden and Breach, New York (1972)
Addison CC, The Chemistry of the Liquid Alkali Metals, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1984)
Maupre JP, McCrindle KB, A Model of the Propagation of Water Leaks into Sodium in Steam Generators, Proceeding of the Specialists' meeting on SG Failure and Failure Propagation Experience, IWGFR-78, Held in Aix-enprovence, France (1990)
Anderson R, Nucl. Energy, 18(5), 333 (1979)
Greene DA, Sodium-water Reaction Phenomena Associated with Small Leaks in LMFBR Steam Generators, Liquid Metal Engineering and Technology, P13, BNES, London (1984)
Kanegae N, Hashiguchi H, Ikemoto I, Hori M, Trans. ANS, 24, 386 (1976)
Nei H, J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 15(3), 192 (1978)
Sane JO, Regimbal JJ, Fairbairn JA, Meyer RA, Proceedings of the Int. Meeting on Fast Reactor Safety Technology, 4, P.1878, Seattle (1979)
Sandusky DW, Small Leak Shutdown, Location and Behavior in LMFBR Steam Generators, Int. Conference on Liquid Metal Technology in Energy Production, p. 226, Held in Seven Springs (1976)
Casey DF, Trans. ANS, 19, 316 (1974)
Currie R, Innes N, Fraser AS, LIMET'88, Proceeding 4th Int. Conference Liquid Metal Engineering Technology, Avignon, France (1988)
Shin YW, Berry GF, Daley JG, Hsiech BJ, Kof CA, Computer Sode System SWAAM-I for Anaysis of Large Scale Sodium-water Reactions in LMFBR Intermediate Heat Transport Systems, Trans. Int. Conference, Structure Mechanical Reaction Technology (1981)
Tanabe H, Tests and Analysis on Steam Generator Tube Failure Propagation, Proceeding of the Specialists' Meeting on SG Failure and Failure Propagation Experience, IWGFR-78, Held in Aix-en-provence, France (1990)
Bray JA, J. Br. Nucl. Energy. Soc., 10, 107 (1970)
Quinet JL, Lannou L, Nucl. Technol., 46, 582 (1979)
Chamberlain HV, Cameron JA, Studies of Material Wastage Resulting from Reaction of Water in Sodium, APDA-254 (1968)

[Related Articles]

[1] Foust OS, Sodium-NaK Engineering Handbook, Vol. I, Sodium Chemistry and Physical Properties, Gorden and Breach, New York (1972)

[2] Addison CC, The Chemistry of the Liquid Alkali Metals, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1984)

[3] Maupre JP, McCrindle KB, A Model of the Propagation of Water Leaks into Sodium in Steam Generators, Proceeding of the Specialists' meeting on SG Failure and Failure Propagation Experience, IWGFR-78, Held in Aix-enprovence, France (1990)

[4] Anderson R, Nucl. Energy, 18(5), 333 (1979)

[5] Greene DA, Sodium-water Reaction Phenomena Associated with Small Leaks in LMFBR Steam Generators, Liquid Metal Engineering and Technology, P13, BNES, London (1984)

[6] Kanegae N, Hashiguchi H, Ikemoto I, Hori M, Trans. ANS, 24, 386 (1976)

[7] Nei H, J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 15(3), 192 (1978)

[8] Sane JO, Regimbal JJ, Fairbairn JA, Meyer RA, Proceedings of the Int. Meeting on Fast Reactor Safety Technology, 4, P.1878, Seattle (1979)

[9] Sandusky DW, Small Leak Shutdown, Location and Behavior in LMFBR Steam Generators, Int. Conference on Liquid Metal Technology in Energy Production, p. 226, Held in Seven Springs (1976)

[10] Casey DF, Trans. ANS, 19, 316 (1974)

[11] Currie R, Innes N, Fraser AS, LIMET'88, Proceeding 4th Int. Conference Liquid Metal Engineering Technology, Avignon, France (1988)

[12] Shin YW, Berry GF, Daley JG, Hsiech BJ, Kof CA, Computer Sode System SWAAM-I for Anaysis of Large Scale Sodium-water Reactions in LMFBR Intermediate Heat Transport Systems, Trans. Int. Conference, Structure Mechanical Reaction Technology (1981)

[13] Tanabe H, Tests and Analysis on Steam Generator Tube Failure Propagation, Proceeding of the Specialists' Meeting on SG Failure and Failure Propagation Experience, IWGFR-78, Held in Aix-en-provence, France (1990)

[14] Bray JA, J. Br. Nucl. Energy. Soc., 10, 107 (1970)

[15] Quinet JL, Lannou L, Nucl. Technol., 46, 582 (1979)

[16] Chamberlain HV, Cameron JA, Studies of Material Wastage Resulting from Reaction of Water in Sodium, APDA-254 (1968)