Effect of Sewage Sludge Mix Ratio on the Biodegradation of Diesel-Oil in a Contaminated Soil Composting

Joon Moo Hur; Jong An Park

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.20, No.2, 307-314, March, 2003

DOI10.1007/BF02697246 Export Citation

Effect of Sewage Sludge Mix Ratio on the Biodegradation of Diesel-Oil in a Contaminated Soil Composting

Joon Moo Hur^†, and Jong An Park¹

Research Institute, Green Engineering & Construction, Co. Ltd., IT Venture Tower, West Building, 14th floor,78 Karak-Dong, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-711, Korea
¹Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Natural Science, Soonchunhyang University, San 53-1, Eupnae-Ri, Shinchang-Myeon, Asan-City, Choongchungnam-Do 336-745, Korea

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The objective of this research was an evaluation of amendments for supplementing organic matter for composting of diesel-contaminated soil. The materials used for this study were soil and sewage sludge, which was added as amendments for supplementing organic matter. The ratios of contaminated soil to these materials were 1 : 0.1, 1 : 0.3, 1 : 0.5, and 1 : 1 as wet weight basis. Experiments with only additives were carried out as control, and biocide control experiments were also tested by the addition of HgCl2. Degradation of diesel was affected by the sewage sludge mix ratio, and the most rapid degradation of TPH was observed in the mix ratios of 1 : 0.3 and 1 : 0.5 of contaminated soil to sewage sludge. However, excess addition of these materials did not necessarily facilitate degradation rate. Appropriate mix ratio for effective degradation was 1 : 0.5 as a wet weight, and 98.1% of TPH was degraded during the composting period. In biocide control experiments, 8.3% of TPH removal of diesel oil occurred, while 95.3% of TPH was removed in experiment without adding biocide. This indicated inactivation of microbial activity for degrading diesel oil was not completely occurring although significant suppress of microbial activity was observed. Carbon dioxide evolution rate and dehydrogenase activity were matched with the degradation of diesel oil well.

Keywords:Soil;Amendments;Degradation;Sewage Sludge;Diesel Oil

[References]

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Berg JD, Eggen T, "Enhanced Composting for Cold Climate Biodegradation of Organic Contamination in Soil," Third Forum on Innovative Hazardous Waste Technologies, USEPA, EPA/540/2-91/015, 17-36 (1991)
Cookson JT, "Bioremediation Engineering Design and Application," McGraw-Hill, New York (1995)
DeJonge H, Freijer JI, Verstraten JM, Westerveld J, vander Wielen FWM, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 771 (1997)
Fan CY, Tafuri AN, "Engineering Application of Biooxidation Processes for Treating Petroleum-contaminated Soil, Remediation of Hazardous Waste Contaminated Soil," Edited by Wise, D.L. and Trantolo, D.J., Marcel Dekker, Inc., 373 (1994)
Freeman HM, Harris EF, "Composting of Contaminated Soil, Hazardous Waste Remediation: Innovative Treatment Technologies," Edited by Freeman, H.M. and Harris, E.F., Technomic Publishing Company, Co. Inc., 73 (1995)
Fuller WH, Warrick AW, "Soils in Waste Treatment and Utilization," CRC Press, 1 (1995)
Hwang EY, Choi JK, Kim KH, Park DW, Woo HC, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 15(4), 434 (1998)
LaGrega MD, Buckingham PL, Evans JC, "Hazardous Waste Management," McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York (1994)
Lee JK, Kim BU, Park D, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 16(5), 684 (1999)
Margesin R, Schinner F, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63(7), 2660 (1997)
Martens DA, Johnson JB, Frankenberger WT, Soil Sci., 153(1), 53 (1992)
Namkoong W, "Removal of Phenolic Compounds in Soil," Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, U.S.A. (1988)
Oh SC, Lee HP, Kim HT, Yoo KO, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 16(4), 543 (1999)
Park JS, "REmediation of Phenolic Compounds Contaminated Soil Using Composting," Master Thesis, Konkuk University, Korea (1996)
Peramaki MP, Blomker KR, "Practical Design Considerations for Composting Contaminated Soil, In-situ and On-site Bioremediation," Battle Press, 2, 103 (1997)
Piotrowski MR, Aaserude RG, Schmidt FJ, "Bioremediation of Diesel Contaminated Soil and Tundra in an Arctic Environment, Contaminated Soils: Diesel Fuel Contamination," Edited by Kostecki, P.T. and Calabrese, E.J., Lewis Publishers, 115 (1992)
Potter CL, Glaser JA, DOnsani MA, Krishnan S, Deets TA, Krishnan ER, "Design and TEsting of an Experimental In-Vessel Composting System, Bioremediation of Hazardous Wastes: Research Development, and Field Evaluations," USEPA/540/R-95/532, 64-65 (1995)
Smith BP, "Exposure and Risk Assessment: Hazardous Waste Management Engineering," Van Nostrand Reinhold, Inc., 37 (1987)
Stegmann R, Lotter S, Heerenklage J, "Biological Treatment of Oil Contaminated Soils in Bioreactors, On-site Bioremediation: Processes for Xenobiotic and Hydrocarbon Treatment," Edited by Hinchee, R.E. and Offenbuttel, R.E., Butterworth-Heinemann, 188 (1991)
Stotzky G, "Microbial Respiration, Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2, Chemical and Microbial Properties," Americal Society of Agronomy, Inc., 1550 (1979)
Thomas JM, Ward CH, Raymond RL, Wilson JT, Loehr RC, "Bioremediation, Encyclopedia of Microbiology," Academic Press, Inc., 1, 369 (1992)
USEPA, "An Analysis of Composting as an Environmental Remediation Technology," EPA 530-R-98-008 (1998)
USEPA, "Engineering Bulletin: Composting," EPA/540/S-96/502 (1996)
Wang X, Bartha R, "Effects of Bioremediation on Toxicity, Mutagenesis, and Miccorbiota in Hydrocarbon-Polluted Soils, Remediation of Hazardous Waste Contaminated Soils," Edited by Wise, D.L. and Trantolo, D.J., Marcel-Dekker, Inc., 175 (1994)

[Referenced By]

[1] Beaudin N, Carton RF, Legros R, Ramsay J, Lawlor L, Ramsay B, Compost Sci. Utilization, 37 (1996)

[2] Berg JD, Eggen T, "Enhanced Composting for Cold Climate Biodegradation of Organic Contamination in Soil," Third Forum on Innovative Hazardous Waste Technologies, USEPA, EPA/540/2-91/015, 17-36 (1991)

[3] Cookson JT, "Bioremediation Engineering Design and Application," McGraw-Hill, New York (1995)

[4] DeJonge H, Freijer JI, Verstraten JM, Westerveld J, vander Wielen FWM, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 771 (1997)

[5] Fan CY, Tafuri AN, "Engineering Application of Biooxidation Processes for Treating Petroleum-contaminated Soil, Remediation of Hazardous Waste Contaminated Soil," Edited by Wise, D.L. and Trantolo, D.J., Marcel Dekker, Inc., 373 (1994)

[6] Freeman HM, Harris EF, "Composting of Contaminated Soil, Hazardous Waste Remediation: Innovative Treatment Technologies," Edited by Freeman, H.M. and Harris, E.F., Technomic Publishing Company, Co. Inc., 73 (1995)

[7] Fuller WH, Warrick AW, "Soils in Waste Treatment and Utilization," CRC Press, 1 (1995)

[8] Hwang EY, Choi JK, Kim KH, Park DW, Woo HC, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 15(4), 434 (1998)

[9] LaGrega MD, Buckingham PL, Evans JC, "Hazardous Waste Management," McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York (1994)

[10] Lee JK, Kim BU, Park D, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 16(5), 684 (1999)

[11] Margesin R, Schinner F, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63(7), 2660 (1997)

[12] Martens DA, Johnson JB, Frankenberger WT, Soil Sci., 153(1), 53 (1992)

[13] Namkoong W, "Removal of Phenolic Compounds in Soil," Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, U.S.A. (1988)

[14] Oh SC, Lee HP, Kim HT, Yoo KO, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 16(4), 543 (1999)

[15] Park JS, "REmediation of Phenolic Compounds Contaminated Soil Using Composting," Master Thesis, Konkuk University, Korea (1996)

[16] Peramaki MP, Blomker KR, "Practical Design Considerations for Composting Contaminated Soil, In-situ and On-site Bioremediation," Battle Press, 2, 103 (1997)

[17] Piotrowski MR, Aaserude RG, Schmidt FJ, "Bioremediation of Diesel Contaminated Soil and Tundra in an Arctic Environment, Contaminated Soils: Diesel Fuel Contamination," Edited by Kostecki, P.T. and Calabrese, E.J., Lewis Publishers, 115 (1992)

[18] Potter CL, Glaser JA, DOnsani MA, Krishnan S, Deets TA, Krishnan ER, "Design and TEsting of an Experimental In-Vessel Composting System, Bioremediation of Hazardous Wastes: Research Development, and Field Evaluations," USEPA/540/R-95/532, 64-65 (1995)

[19] Smith BP, "Exposure and Risk Assessment: Hazardous Waste Management Engineering," Van Nostrand Reinhold, Inc., 37 (1987)

[20] Stegmann R, Lotter S, Heerenklage J, "Biological Treatment of Oil Contaminated Soils in Bioreactors, On-site Bioremediation: Processes for Xenobiotic and Hydrocarbon Treatment," Edited by Hinchee, R.E. and Offenbuttel, R.E., Butterworth-Heinemann, 188 (1991)

[21] Stotzky G, "Microbial Respiration, Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2, Chemical and Microbial Properties," Americal Society of Agronomy, Inc., 1550 (1979)

[22] Thomas JM, Ward CH, Raymond RL, Wilson JT, Loehr RC, "Bioremediation, Encyclopedia of Microbiology," Academic Press, Inc., 1, 369 (1992)

[23] USEPA, "An Analysis of Composting as an Environmental Remediation Technology," EPA 530-R-98-008 (1998)

[24] USEPA, "Engineering Bulletin: Composting," EPA/540/S-96/502 (1996)

[25] Wang X, Bartha R, "Effects of Bioremediation on Toxicity, Mutagenesis, and Miccorbiota in Hydrocarbon-Polluted Soils, Remediation of Hazardous Waste Contaminated Soils," Edited by Wise, D.L. and Trantolo, D.J., Marcel-Dekker, Inc., 175 (1994)