Poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) nanotubes were prepared by wetting of ordered porous templates. We processed either PVDF melts or solutions. The properties of the nanotubes depend strongly on the preparation method. Solution-wetting provides nanotube walls with poor crystallinity. In contrast, nanotube walls obtained by melt-wetting exhibit a pronounced crystallinity indicating the formation of a brushlike wetting layer. The crystallites grow preferentially in the direction of minimal curvature, which corresponds to the long axis of the nanotube. The crystal facets with the highest growth rate are oriented perpendicularly to this axis. For nanotubes consisting of alpha-PVDF, X-ray diffraction revealed that the b-axis of the unit cell is oriented parallel to the long axis of the nanotube.