Macromolecules, Vol.36, No.20, 7413-7421, 2003
Catalyst systems for alkene polymerization based on metallocene complexes and sterically hindered organoaluminates
The article describes two types of organoaluminate compounds which can serve as cocatalysts for metallocene complexes in alkene polymerization reactions: (a) sterically hindered arylaluminates, oligomeric compounds containing [Al(OPh)-O] units where Ph are aryl groups substituted in the second and the sixth positions with bulky alkyl or aryl groups; and (b) alkylaluminates, compounds containing [Al(OR)-O] units where OR is a heavily sterically hindered alkoxy group. The most effective substituents Ph in the arylaluminates are phenyl groups with two ortho-positioned tert-butyl or phenyl groups. The most effective substituent R in the alkylaluminates is CPh3. These cocatalysts can be produced via two alternative routes: (1) a reaction between an alkylalumoxane and a sterically hindered phenol or an alcohol or (b) two consecutive reactions: first, a reaction between a trialkylaluminum compound and a sterically hindered phenol or an alcohol and, second, a reaction between the product of the first step and water. Oligomeric cocatalyst compositions containing units of two types, organoaluminate and alkylalumoxane, also can serve as cocatalysts for metallocene complexes.