내부 순환 유동층 반응기에서의 석탄가스화 및 모델링

이종민; 김용전; 김상돈; Jong-Min Lee; Yong-Jeon Kim; Sang-Done Kim

HWAHAK KONGHAK, Vol.38, No.2, 259-268, April, 2000

Export Citation

내부 순환 유동층 반응기에서의 석탄가스화 및 모델링

Modeling and Coal Gasification in an Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor

이종민 , 김용전, 김상돈 ^†

한국과학기술원 화학공학과 및 에너지/환경 연구센터, 대전

Jong-Min Lee^{1, 2}, Yong-Jeon Kim¹, and Sang-Done Kim^{1, †}

¹Department of Chem. Eng. & Energy and Environment Research Center, KAIST, Taejon, Korea
²Power Generation Laboratory, KEPRI,, KEPCO, Korea

E-mail:

초록

호주 석탄올 드래프트관(0.1m ID X 0.9m high)과 생성가스분리대를 갖는 내부 순환 유동층가스화반응기(0.3m ID X 2.7m high)에서 가스화하였다. 대기압하에서 반응온도(780-900℃), 산소/석탄비(0.30-0.53), 석탄공급량(5.3-12.1kg/h), 수증기/석탄비(0.3-0.81)의 변화에 따른 생성가스의 조성, 탄소 전환율, 냉가스 효율, 가스수율, 발열량에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 드래프트영역에서는 저열량가스(3.3-5.9MJ/ )를 애뉼러스 영역에서는 중열량가스(8.6-13.2MJ/ )를 얻었다. 내부 순환 유동층에서 석탄가스화반응을 예측하기 위하여 수력학적 특성, 반응 kinetics, 열분해 상관식을 기초로한 모델식을 제시하였다. 프리보드 영역에서의 연소반응이 생성가스의 조성 및 발열량에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였고, 프리보드 영역에서의 연소반응이 포함된 모델식이 조업변수의 변화에 따른 반응기의 성능을 더 잘 예측함을 확인하였다.

Australian coal was gasified in an internally circulating fluidized bed (0.3m ID X 2.7m high) with a draft tube (0.1m ID X 0.9m high) and a gas separator over the draft tube at atmospheric pressure. The effects of reaction temperature (780-900℃), oxygen/coal ratio (0.30-0.53), coal feeding rate (5.3-12.1kg/h) and steam/coal ratio (0.30-0.81) on compositions of the product gas, carbon conversion, cold-gas efficiency, gas yield and calorific value of the product gas have been determined. In the present coal gasifier, low calorific value gas (3.3-5.9MJ/㎥) in the draft tube region and medium calorific value gas(8.6-13.2MJ/㎥) in the annulus region can be obtained. A predictive mathematical model is proposed based on the bed hydrodynamics, reaction kinetics and the empirical correlation of pyrolysis yields to predict gasification characteristics in the internally circulating fluidized bed gasifer with a draft tube. The model including the effect of combustion reaction in the freeboard region can explain the reaction behavior more precisely than the model excluding the effect of combustion reaction in the freeboard region in the reactor within the range of variables studied.

Keywords:Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed;Coal Gasification;Model;Draft Tube

[References]

Gutierrez LA, Watkinson AP, Fuel, 61, 133 (1982)
Watkinson AP, Cheng G, Prakash CB, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 61, 468 (1983)
Saffer M, Ocampo A, Laguerie C, Int. Chem. Eng., 28, 46 (1988)
Chatterjee PK, Datta AB, Kundu KM, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 73(2), 204 (1995)
Lee JM, Kim YJ, Lee WJ, Kim SD, Energy Int. J., 23, 475 (1998)
Neogi D, Chang CC, Walawender WP, Fan LT, AIChE J., 32, 17 (1986)
Lee WJ, Ph.D. Dissertation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea (1995)
Bak YC, Yang HS, Son JE, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 30(1), 80 (1992)
Lee JM, Kim YJ, Lee WJ, Kim SD, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 35(1), 121 (1997)
Yoon WL, Lee HW, Kim JW, Lee WK, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 24(4), 269 (1986)
Judd MR, 2nd International Coal & Gas Conversion Conference, Pretoria, 23 (1987)
Jeon SK, Lee WJ, Kim SD, in Proceedings of the 8th Engineering Foundation Conference on Fluidization, ed. J.F. Large and C. Laguerie, Tours, France, 445 (1995)
Kim YJ, Lee JM, Kim SD, Fuel, 76(11), 1067 (1997)
Lee JM, Kim YJ, Kim SD, Appl. Thermal Eng., 18, 1013 (1998)
Berggren JC, Bjerle I, Eklund H, Karlsson H, Svensson O, Chem. Eng. Sci., 35, 446 (1980)
Riley RK, Judd MR, Chem. Eng. Commun., 62, 151 (1987)
Kim YT, Song BH, Kim SD, Chem. Eng. J., 66, 105 (1997)
Yoon H, Wei J, Denn MM, AIChE J., 24, 885 (1978)
Weimer AW, Clough DE, Chem. Eng. Sci., 36, 549 (1981)
Ma RP, Felder RM, Ferrell JK, Fuel Process. Technol., 19, 265 (1988)
Gururajan VS, Agarwal PK, Agnew JB, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 70, 211 (1992)
Adanez J, Labiano FG, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 29, 2079 (1990)
Matsui I, Kunii D, Furusawa T, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 18, 105 (1985)
Arthur JR, Trans. Faraday Soc., 47, 164 (1951)
Bhagat PM, Combust. Flame, 37, 275 (1980)
Haslam RT, Ind. Eng. Chem., 15, 679 (1923)
Tesner PA, Eighth Symp. Combust., 807 (1960)
Ahn HS, M.S. Thesis, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea (1995)
Lee JM, Ph.D. Dissertation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea (1998)
Wen CY, Yu YH, AIChE J., 12, 610 (1966)
Hovmand S, Davidson JF, "Fluidization," ed. J.F. Davidson and D. Harrison, Academic Press, New York, 193 (1971)
Kobayashi H, Arai H, Kag. Kog., 31, 239 (1967)
Foong SK, Lim CJ, Watkinson AP, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 58, 84 (1980)
Kikuchi K, Suzuki A, Mochizuki T, Endo S, Imai E, Tanji Y, Fuel, 64, 368 (1985)
Foong SK, Cheng G, Watkinson AP, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 59, 625 (1981)
Judd MR, Rudolph V, in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Fluidization, ed. K. Ostergaard and A. Sorensen, Elsinore, Denmark, 505 (1986)

[Referenced By]

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[1] Gutierrez LA, Watkinson AP, Fuel, 61, 133 (1982)

[2] Watkinson AP, Cheng G, Prakash CB, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 61, 468 (1983)

[3] Saffer M, Ocampo A, Laguerie C, Int. Chem. Eng., 28, 46 (1988)

[4] Chatterjee PK, Datta AB, Kundu KM, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 73(2), 204 (1995)

[5] Lee JM, Kim YJ, Lee WJ, Kim SD, Energy Int. J., 23, 475 (1998)

[6] Neogi D, Chang CC, Walawender WP, Fan LT, AIChE J., 32, 17 (1986)

[7] Lee WJ, Ph.D. Dissertation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea (1995)

[8] Bak YC, Yang HS, Son JE, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 30(1), 80 (1992)

[9] Lee JM, Kim YJ, Lee WJ, Kim SD, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 35(1), 121 (1997)

[10] Yoon WL, Lee HW, Kim JW, Lee WK, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 24(4), 269 (1986)

[11] Judd MR, 2nd International Coal & Gas Conversion Conference, Pretoria, 23 (1987)

[12] Jeon SK, Lee WJ, Kim SD, in Proceedings of the 8th Engineering Foundation Conference on Fluidization, ed. J.F. Large and C. Laguerie, Tours, France, 445 (1995)

[13] Kim YJ, Lee JM, Kim SD, Fuel, 76(11), 1067 (1997)

[14] Lee JM, Kim YJ, Kim SD, Appl. Thermal Eng., 18, 1013 (1998)

[15] Berggren JC, Bjerle I, Eklund H, Karlsson H, Svensson O, Chem. Eng. Sci., 35, 446 (1980)

[16] Riley RK, Judd MR, Chem. Eng. Commun., 62, 151 (1987)

[17] Kim YT, Song BH, Kim SD, Chem. Eng. J., 66, 105 (1997)

[18] Yoon H, Wei J, Denn MM, AIChE J., 24, 885 (1978)

[19] Weimer AW, Clough DE, Chem. Eng. Sci., 36, 549 (1981)

[20] Ma RP, Felder RM, Ferrell JK, Fuel Process. Technol., 19, 265 (1988)

[21] Gururajan VS, Agarwal PK, Agnew JB, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 70, 211 (1992)

[22] Adanez J, Labiano FG, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 29, 2079 (1990)

[23] Matsui I, Kunii D, Furusawa T, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 18, 105 (1985)

[24] Arthur JR, Trans. Faraday Soc., 47, 164 (1951)

[25] Bhagat PM, Combust. Flame, 37, 275 (1980)

[26] Haslam RT, Ind. Eng. Chem., 15, 679 (1923)

[27] Tesner PA, Eighth Symp. Combust., 807 (1960)

[28] Ahn HS, M.S. Thesis, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea (1995)

[29] Lee JM, Ph.D. Dissertation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea (1998)

[30] Wen CY, Yu YH, AIChE J., 12, 610 (1966)

[31] Hovmand S, Davidson JF, "Fluidization," ed. J.F. Davidson and D. Harrison, Academic Press, New York, 193 (1971)

[32] Kobayashi H, Arai H, Kag. Kog., 31, 239 (1967)

[33] Foong SK, Lim CJ, Watkinson AP, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 58, 84 (1980)

[34] Kikuchi K, Suzuki A, Mochizuki T, Endo S, Imai E, Tanji Y, Fuel, 64, 368 (1985)

[35] Foong SK, Cheng G, Watkinson AP, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 59, 625 (1981)

[36] Judd MR, Rudolph V, in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Fluidization, ed. K. Ostergaard and A. Sorensen, Elsinore, Denmark, 505 (1986)