잠열저장 시스템용 CH<sub>3</sub>COONa·3H<sub>2</sub>O 계 PCM의 최적화

이민화; 송윤섭; 이영우; 오인환; Min-Hwa Lee; Yun-Seob Song; Young-Woo Rhee; In-Hwan Oh

HWAHAK KONGHAK, Vol.38, No.3, 429-433, June, 2000

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잠열저장 시스템용 CH₃COONa·3H₂O 계 PCM의 최적화

Optimization of CH₃COONa·3H₂O-based PCM for Latent Heat Storage System

이민화, 송윤섭, 이영우 ^†, 오인환 ¹

충남대학교 화학공학과, 대전
¹한국과학기술연구원, 서울

Min-Hwa Lee, Yun-Seob Song, Young-Woo Rhee^†, and In-Hwan Oh¹

Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Kungdong 220, Yousung, Taejon, Korea
¹Environment and Process Technology Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul, Korea

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초록

본 연구에서는 심야전력을 이용한 가정용 잠열저장시스템에 적용하기 위하여 잠열축열재로 CH₃COONa·3H₂O를 주잠열재로 사용하고, CMC-Na를 증점제로, Na₄P₂O₇·10H₂를 조핵제로 사용한 PCM(Phase Change Material)에 대해 축열, 방열특성 및 최적 조성을 조사하였다. CH₃COONa·3H₂O는 용융점이 58℃이고 용융잠열이 252kJ/kg로 비교적 활용성이 높은 열저장물질이지만 축열과 방열의 반복에 따라 심각한 상분리현상과 과냉각현상을 나타내게 된다. 증검제와 조핵제의 조성을 변화시키가며 시료를 제조하였고, 열전달유체의 온도변화에 따른 PCM의 온도변화를 측정하였다. 제조된 시료와 15사이클의 가열 및 냉각실험이 끝난 시료에 대하여 DSC를 사용하여 잠열량의 변화를 측정하였다. 3wt%이상의 증점제와 3.5wt% 이상의 조핵제의 첨가를 통하여 CH₃COONa·3H₂O의 상분리현상과 과냉각현상은 해결될 수 있었으며, PCM의 잠열량을 고려할 때 3wt%의 증점제와 5-6.5wt%의 조핵제의 첨가가 적당하였다.

In this study, we studied to find the heat storage and release characteristics and optimal compositions of PCM (Phase Change Material)s, which use CH₃COONa·3H₂O as the main latent heat storage material, CMC-Na as the thickener and Na₄P₂O₇·10H₂ as the nucleating agent, to apply them to the house heating system using night-time electricity. Though CH₃COONa·3H₂O, which has 58℃ melting temperature and 252 kJ/kg latent heat of fusion, is relatively good heat storage material, it has severe phase separation and supercooling problems by increasing number of heat store and release cycles. By adding over 3wt% thickener and over 3.5wt% nucleating agent, phase separation and supercooling of the CH₃COONa·3H₂O was disappeared, but considering the amount of the latent heat, 3wt% thickener and 5-6.5 wt% nucleating agent was the optimal amount of additives. To apply to the house heating system, over 1000 cycling test must be performed.

Keywords:Heat Storage;PCM;CH₃COONa·3H₂O

[References]

Kim JK, Yoon WS, Jung KT, Shul YG, Joo HK, Jeon MS, Lee TK, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 37(2), 151 (1999)
Park WH, "A System Development of Thermal Energy Storage at High Temperature," MOST (1987)
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Song HK, Ryou YS, Sol. Energy, 11(3), 53 (1991)

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[1] Kim JK, Yoon WS, Jung KT, Shul YG, Joo HK, Jeon MS, Lee TK, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 37(2), 151 (1999)

[2] Park WH, "A System Development of Thermal Energy Storage at High Temperature," MOST (1987)

[3] Lee MK, Han GY, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 35(5), 755 (1997)

[4] Abhat A, Sol. Energy, 30(4), 313 (1983)

[5] Choi JC, Kim SD, Han GY, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 12(2), 258 (1995)

[6] Schroder J, Gawron K, Energy Res., 5, 103 (1981)

[7] Herrick CS, Sol. Energy, 28, 99 (1982)

[8] Biswas DR, Sol. Energy, 19, 99 (1977)

[9] Telkes M, U.S. Patent, 4,187,189 (1980)

[10] Lane GA, "Solar Heat Storage: Latent Heat Materials, Technology," CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2 (1986)

[11] Lane GA, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 27, 135 (1992)

[12] Ryu HW, Woo SW, Shin BC, Kim SD, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 27, 161 (1992)

[13] Kimura H, Kai J, Sol. Energy, 35(6), 527 (1985)

[14] Song HK, Ryou YS, Sol. Energy, 11(3), 53 (1991)