A three-dimensional model is developed to clarify two-way interactions of energy, momentum and turbulence between plasma and particles. The plasma-particle two-way interactions are modeled by coupling a Lagrangian approach for particle behavior with a Eulerian approach for plasma flow. The effect of each two-way interaction on energy and momentum transfers, and turbulence modulation is clarified by numerical simulation. The local deformations of the plasma jet kinetic energy and its dissipation rate fields are caused by the presence of the particle in the plasma jet. Plasma-particle interactions are very complex and effect of each interaction on another is evident. Net loss from plasma jet parameters decreases with increasing particle size. Particle temperature and velocity distributions are decreased due to the turbulence modulation. The effect of the number of particles used in the simulation on energy and momentum transfers, and turbulence modulation is significant. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.