Chemical Engineering & Technology, Vol.23, No.8, 691-699, 2000
Hydraulic calculations for cross-channeled packings in distillation units based on a physical model
A physically based calculation model has been developed in order to describe the liquid and the gas flow in column packings with any arbitrary cross-channel structure. An equation system is presented which characterizes the film now on the surface as influenced by the countercurrent flowing gas stream and the respective geometric parameters of the packing. The considered hydraulic operating parameters are the pressure drop, the film thickness, and the radial liquid distribution as a function of the column load up to the flooding point. Care was taken to introduce only constants that can be interpreted physically. Their number was reduced to a minimum of three in order to provide the possibility of easy extrapolation to other packing dimensions. Numerical simulations have been carried out for different liquids assuming a fully wetted packing surface. A distribution width is introduced as the parameter characterizing the radial liquid distribution. Its value together with the respective gas split factors are important variables for the inclusion of maldistribution in the calculation of a distillation column. The numerical simulations up to the flooding point correspond well to the experimental data obtained from a test column.