In this paper thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) studies of BaB4O7 compound are reported for the first time. The polycrystalline sample of BaB4O7 was prepared by a melting method and the formation of the BaB4O7 compound was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction study. The compound has orthorhombic structure at room temperature. The TSL glow curves of BaB4O7 compound when heated at a constant heating rate of 4degreesC/s exhibit two thermoluminescence (TL) glow peaks at 110 and 150degreesC followed by a shoulder around 210degreesC. The trapping parameters associated with the prominent glow peak of BaB4O7 are reported using isothermal luminescence decay method (ILDM). As a check the trap parameters are also calculated by glow curve shape (Chen's) method after isolating the prominent glow peak by thermal cleaning technique. Our results show a very good agreement between the trapping parameters calculated by the two methods. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.