On the basis of hydrogen bonding, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and poly(methacrylic acid) were layer-by-layer deposited on the surface of the AgCl microcrystals or SiO2 colloidal particles in aqueous solution to construct core-shell structure particles. When the AgCl and SiO2 cores were removed, the porous and nonporous nanocapsules were obtained, respectively. After the nonporous capsules were incubated in a KSCN and HNO3 mixture solution for 24 h, the capsules shrank and the pores were formed in the shell of the capsules.