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Catalysis Letters, Vol.99, No.3-4, 263-269, 2005
Para-selective tert-butylation of phenol over nano sulfated titania catalysts prepared via sol-gel route
Titania, sulfated titania and a series of iron loaded sulfated titania catalyst with different iron loadings (3 to 9%) are prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, BET surface area and pore volume measurements, EDX, TG-DTG, FT-IR and TPD of ammonia. Alkylation of phenol with tert-butanol in the vapour phase over the prepared systems has been studied at 1 atm and 160-220degreesC. The interesting aspect of this reaction is the high selectivity of alkylation at the para position. Lower flow rate and higher reactant molar ratios enhances the phenol conversion and selectivity to 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol while higher flow rate and lower molar ratios are helpful in producing 4-tert-butylphenol.