Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVAL) were esterified with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride using the cycled urea N,N'-dimetbylpropyleneurea (1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrihydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone) (DMPU) as the solvent. Ethylene-vinyl alcohol-vinyl-3,5-dinitrobenzoate terpolymers (EVALVDNB) and ethylene-vinyl-3,5-dinitrobenzoate copolymers (EVDNB) were obtained. Both EVAL copolymers (6-73 mol% VAL) and esterified polymers, EVDNB, and EVALVDNB dissolve in DMPU. The substitution may become total under the experimental conditions. The degree of transformation was determined by H-1 NMR. EVDNB copolymers were characterised by IR spectroscopy and H-1 and C-13 NMR. Thermal properties were studied by DSC. The glass transition temperature of the EVDNB copolymers having a low VDNB content (up to 14 mol%) is roughly constant, whereas above 50 mol% increases. Melting temperature decreases as the VDNB content is increased, owing to the fact that the VDNB groups are excluded from the polyethylene crystal lattice. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.