Bacterial cellulose ( BC) production by Acetobacter xylinum subsp. sucrofermentans BPR2001 using molasses medium was carried out in a jar fermentor. When molasses was subjected to H2SO4-heat treatment, the maximum BC concentration increased to 76% more than that achieved using untreated molasses, and the specific growth rate increased 2-fold. When the initial sugar concentrations in the H2SO4-heat treated molasses were varied from 23 g/l to 72 g/l, BC concentration, production rate, and yield were maximum at sugar concentrations of 23 g/l and 37 g/l, and production of by-products, such as polysaccharides and CO2, was lower than at sugar concentrations of 48 g/l and 72 g/l, indicating that maintaining a lower molasses concentration is essential for efficient BC production in jar fermentors, this being due mainly to the complex nature of molasses. Molasses has a clear advantage over pure sugars as a carbon source from an economic viewpoint.