Anode thermal response is important in determining the operation of repetitively pulsed electron diodes and the systems using them. Thermal response determines desorption, cooling requirements, and power deposition. This article describes experimental results from an electron beam diode fitted with both solid aluminum and two types of carbon-carbon fiber anodes. The temperature response is modeled and is used in conjunction with experimental data to study the effect of adsorbates on the anode. Power to the anode is determined through the material properties and modeled temperature response. Thermal properties of the anode are considered with respect to electron stimulated desorption of adsorbates on the anode, as an ion source, leading to plasma development and diode impedance collapse. © 2005 American Vacuum Society.