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Chemical Engineering Communications, Vol.192, No.5, 685-698, 2005
A methanol steam micro-reformer for low power fuel cell applications
A micro-reformer was fabricated and its performance investigated using copper-zinc catalysts with differing compositions and loadings at various operating conditions. A catalyst with 3: 1 copper-to-zinc ratio and 8 wt% loading produced enough hydrogen to power a 28W PEM fuel cell when using a third of the reformer's volume ( 8cm(3)) and assuming 64% fuel cell efficiency. Methanol conversion was 65% while hydrogen content in the off-gas was 45% at a temperature of 275 degrees C and residence time of 0.11s. Carbon monoxide levels were approximately 1.45%. Higher methanol conversions ( 80%) and hydrogen content in the off-gas ( 50%) were achieved by a second catalyst with 16 wt% at 290 degrees C while utilizing the entire reformer volume. Hydrogen yield and selectivity were high ( 78 and 98% respectively). Extrapolating from present results, the maximum power output possible to be achieved by this device is 84 W.