The latest developments and in particular important synthetic aspects for the preparation of modern poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) based liquid chromatography (I-C) supports are reviewed. In this context, the chemistry of particular porous and nonporous, functionalized, monolithic, coated silica and more specialized mixed organic PS-DVB media is covered. Special consideration is given to modern approaches such as micro-(mu)-HPLC and coating techniques and their most important applications. Synthetic particularities relevant to the corresponding applications are outlined.