For the functional enhancement of chelating resins containing carboxylic acids, copolymer beads were prepared by suspension polymerization of styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and divinylbenzene (DVB) in the presence of toluene as diluent. The phenyl rings of the beads were directly chloromethylated, and the carboxylic ester groups of the beads were converted into hydroxymethyl groups by reduction followed by chlorination to give chloromethyl groups, respectively. The chelating resins containing a pair of neighboring carboxylic acid groups, (NCAGs) were obtained by the alkylation of chloromethyl groups in copolymer beads with diethyl malonate in the presence of sodium hydride followed by hydrolysis using aqueous alkali solution. Accordingly, the structural effects of the resins on the adsorption of heavy metal ions were investigated. Poly(St-co-DVB)-based chelating resin containing NCAGs showed adsorption abilities toward heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+, whereas poly(MMA-co-DVB)-based chelating resin containing NCAGs showed adsorption abilities toward heavy metal ions like Cu2+, Cd2+, and Co2+. On the other hand, poly(St-co-MMA-co-MB)-based chelating resin containing NCAGs showed adsorption abilities toward heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Co2+, and Cu2+ : a synergistic effect on the adsorption of heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Co2+ was observed. The adsorption ability of poly(St-co-MMA-co-DVB)-based chelating resin among three kinds of chelating resins was relatively good.