The decolourisation of aqueous solutions of dyes by ozonation with various heterogeneous catalysts using a bubble-column reactor was investigated. The catalysts studied were hydrated alumina, activated carbon and ferric oxide supported on silica. The optimum catalyst concentration and pH for decolourisation were determined in each case. Hydrated alumina and silica-supported ferric oxide showed excellent catalytic activity under acidic conditions, whereas activated carbon was found to be effective under both acidic and alkaline conditions. In addition to studying the effect on individual dyes, tests were carried out on effluent from a commercial dyeing unit. The reaction kinetics in the presence of various catalysts were also monitored. (c) 2005 Society of Chemical Industry.