기능성을 향상시킨 다양한 전도성 고분자의 전기 변색 현상

고흥조; 문봉진; 이후성; Heung Cho Ko; Bongjin Moon; Hoosung Lee

Polymer(Korea), Vol.30, No.5, 367-372, September, 2006

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기능성을 향상시킨 다양한 전도성 고분자의 전기 변색 현상

Electrochromism of Various Conducting Polymers with Enhanced Functionality

고흥조, 문봉진, 이후성^†

서강대학교 화학과

Heung Cho Ko, Bongjin Moon, and Hoosung Lee^†

Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea

E-mail:

초록

전도성 고분자에 곁가지로 chromophore를 결합시켜 만든 다양한 전기 변색 물질과 그 특성을 소개하였다. 전도성 고분자로는 polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(cyclopentadithiophene), 및 poly{1,4-bis[2-(3,4-ethylenedioxy)thienyl]benzene}를 사용하고, chromophore로는 viologen과 perylenetetracarboxylic diimide를 사용한 경우에 대하여 설명하였다. 전도성 고분자와 chromophore의 변색 파장 범위가 다른 경우에는 변색의 다양성을 성취할 수 있었으며, 변색 파장 범위가 비슷한 경우에는 색대비를 높일 수 있다. 최대 색대비를 나타내는 필름의 두께를 쉽게 예측할 수 있는 방법도 설명하였다.

Electrochromic materials based on conducting polymers with pendant chromophores as well as their electrochromic properties are described. The conducting polymers described are polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(cyclopentadithiophene), and poly{1,4-bis[2-(3,4-ethylenedioxy)thienyl]benzene}. The chromophores described are viologen and perylenetetracarboxylic diimide. When the wavelength ranges of absorption of the conducting polymer and the chromophore are not overlapping, multiple electrochromism was achieved. When the wavelength ranges are largely overlapping, higher contrast was achieved. An easy method for prediction of the film thickness for maximum contrast of a given electrochromic material is also described.

Keywords:electrochromism;conducting polymers;viologen;enhanced functionality;color contrast

[References]

Monk PMS, Mortimer RJ, Rosseinsky DR, Electrochromism: Fundamentals and Applications, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, NY (1995)
Mastragostino M, in Applications of Electroactive Polymers, B. Scrosati, Editor, Chapman and Hall, London, Chapter 7 (1933)
Collins SE, Schffrin DJ, J. Electrochem. Soc., 132, 1835 (1985)
Nicholson M, Pizzarello FA, J. Electrochem. Soc., 127, 821 (1980)
Faulkner R, Green JM, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 105, 2950 (1983)
Itaya K, Shibayama K, Akahoshi H, Toshima S, J. Appl. Phys., 53, 804 (1982)
Deberry DW, Viehbeck A, J. Electrochem. Soc., 130, 249 (1983)
Wrighton MS, Shu CF, J. Phys. Chem., 92, 5221 (1988)
Simon MS, Moore PT, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed., 13, 1 (1975)
Kobayashi T, Yoneyama H, Tamura T, J. Electroanal. Chem., 161, 419 (1984)
Kim EY, Lee MH, Moon BS, Lee CJ, Rhee SB, J. Electrochem. Soc., 141(3), L26 (1994)
Yasuda A, Seto J, J. Electroanal. Chem., 288, 65 (1990)
De Paoli MA, Panero S, Passerini S, Scrosati B, Adv. Mater., 2, 480 (1990)
Bjorkund RB, Lundstrom I, J. Electron. Mater., 14, 39 (1985)
Hanly NM, Bloor D, Monkman AP, Bonnett R, Ribo JM, Synth. Met., 60, 195 (1993)
Genies EM, Lapowski M, Santier C, Vieli E, Synth. Met., 18, 631 (1987)
Tsai EW, Basok S, Ruiz JP, Reynolds JR, Rajeshwar K, J. Electrochem. Soc., 136, 3683 (1989)
Roncali J, Garreau G, Yasser A, Marque P, Garnier F, Lemaire M, J. Phys. Chem., 91, 6706 (1989)
Adebimpe D, Kathirgamanathan P, J. Electroanal. Chem., 348, 447 (1993)
Mitsuhara T, Tanaka S, Keriyama K, J. C. S. Chem. Commun., 764 (1987)
Mastrogostino M, Marinangeli AM, Corradini A, Arbizzani C, Electrochim. Acta, 32, 1589 (1987)
Taliani C, Ruani G, Zamboni R, Bolognesi A, Catellani M, Destri S, Porzio W, Ostoja P, Synth. Met., 28, C507 (1989)
Dubios JE, Lacaze PC, Desbene-Monvernay A, J. Electroanal. Chem., 132, 177 (1982)
Sariciftci NS, J. Chem. Phys., 96, 7164 (1992)
Wrighton MS, Dominey RN, Lewis TJ, J. Phys. Chem., 87, 5345 (1983)
Park S, Ko HC, Paik W, Lee H, Synth. Met., 139, 439 (2003)
Ko HC, Park S, Paik W, Lee H, Synth. Met., 132, 15 (2002)
Ko HC, Kang M, Moon B, Lee H, Adv. Mater., 16, 1712 (2004)
Ko HC, Yom J, Moon B, Lee H, Electrochim. Acta, 48(28), 4127 (2003)
van der Leest RE, J. Electroanal. Chem., 43, 257 (1973)
Monk PMS, The Viologens: Physicochemical Properties, Synthesis and Applications of the Salt of 4,4'-Bipyridine, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Chichester, England (1998)
Ko HC, Kim S, Lee H, Moon B, Adv. Funct. Mater., 15, 905 (2005)
Groenendaal L, Zotti G, Aubert PH, Waybright SM, Reynolds JR, Adv. Mater., 15, 855 (2003)
Krische B, Zagorska M, Synth. Met., 28, C263 (1989)
Sonmez G, Meng H, Wudl F, Chem. Mater., 16, 574 (2004)
Choi W, Ko HC, Moon B, Lee H, J. Electrochem. Soc., 151(2), E80 (2004)
Seybold G, Wagenblast G, Dyes Pigment., 11, 303 (1989)
Dotcheva D, Klapper M, Mullen K, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 195, 1905 (1994)
Lim JY, Ko HC, Lee H, Synth. Met., 155, 595 (2006)

[1] Monk PMS, Mortimer RJ, Rosseinsky DR, Electrochromism: Fundamentals and Applications, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, NY (1995)

[2] Mastragostino M, in Applications of Electroactive Polymers, B. Scrosati, Editor, Chapman and Hall, London, Chapter 7 (1933)

[3] Collins SE, Schffrin DJ, J. Electrochem. Soc., 132, 1835 (1985)

[4] Nicholson M, Pizzarello FA, J. Electrochem. Soc., 127, 821 (1980)

[5] Faulkner R, Green JM, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 105, 2950 (1983)

[6] Itaya K, Shibayama K, Akahoshi H, Toshima S, J. Appl. Phys., 53, 804 (1982)

[7] Deberry DW, Viehbeck A, J. Electrochem. Soc., 130, 249 (1983)

[8] Wrighton MS, Shu CF, J. Phys. Chem., 92, 5221 (1988)

[9] Simon MS, Moore PT, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed., 13, 1 (1975)

[10] Kobayashi T, Yoneyama H, Tamura T, J. Electroanal. Chem., 161, 419 (1984)

[11] Kim EY, Lee MH, Moon BS, Lee CJ, Rhee SB, J. Electrochem. Soc., 141(3), L26 (1994)

[12] Yasuda A, Seto J, J. Electroanal. Chem., 288, 65 (1990)

[13] De Paoli MA, Panero S, Passerini S, Scrosati B, Adv. Mater., 2, 480 (1990)

[14] Bjorkund RB, Lundstrom I, J. Electron. Mater., 14, 39 (1985)

[15] Hanly NM, Bloor D, Monkman AP, Bonnett R, Ribo JM, Synth. Met., 60, 195 (1993)

[16] Genies EM, Lapowski M, Santier C, Vieli E, Synth. Met., 18, 631 (1987)

[17] Tsai EW, Basok S, Ruiz JP, Reynolds JR, Rajeshwar K, J. Electrochem. Soc., 136, 3683 (1989)

[18] Roncali J, Garreau G, Yasser A, Marque P, Garnier F, Lemaire M, J. Phys. Chem., 91, 6706 (1989)

[19] Adebimpe D, Kathirgamanathan P, J. Electroanal. Chem., 348, 447 (1993)

[20] Mitsuhara T, Tanaka S, Keriyama K, J. C. S. Chem. Commun., 764 (1987)

[21] Mastrogostino M, Marinangeli AM, Corradini A, Arbizzani C, Electrochim. Acta, 32, 1589 (1987)

[22] Taliani C, Ruani G, Zamboni R, Bolognesi A, Catellani M, Destri S, Porzio W, Ostoja P, Synth. Met., 28, C507 (1989)

[23] Dubios JE, Lacaze PC, Desbene-Monvernay A, J. Electroanal. Chem., 132, 177 (1982)

[24] Sariciftci NS, J. Chem. Phys., 96, 7164 (1992)

[25] Wrighton MS, Dominey RN, Lewis TJ, J. Phys. Chem., 87, 5345 (1983)

[26] Park S, Ko HC, Paik W, Lee H, Synth. Met., 139, 439 (2003)

[27] Ko HC, Park S, Paik W, Lee H, Synth. Met., 132, 15 (2002)

[28] Ko HC, Kang M, Moon B, Lee H, Adv. Mater., 16, 1712 (2004)

[29] Ko HC, Yom J, Moon B, Lee H, Electrochim. Acta, 48(28), 4127 (2003)

[30] van der Leest RE, J. Electroanal. Chem., 43, 257 (1973)

[31] Monk PMS, The Viologens: Physicochemical Properties, Synthesis and Applications of the Salt of 4,4'-Bipyridine, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Chichester, England (1998)

[32] Ko HC, Kim S, Lee H, Moon B, Adv. Funct. Mater., 15, 905 (2005)

[33] Groenendaal L, Zotti G, Aubert PH, Waybright SM, Reynolds JR, Adv. Mater., 15, 855 (2003)

[34] Krische B, Zagorska M, Synth. Met., 28, C263 (1989)

[35] Sonmez G, Meng H, Wudl F, Chem. Mater., 16, 574 (2004)

[36] Choi W, Ko HC, Moon B, Lee H, J. Electrochem. Soc., 151(2), E80 (2004)

[37] Seybold G, Wagenblast G, Dyes Pigment., 11, 303 (1989)

[38] Dotcheva D, Klapper M, Mullen K, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 195, 1905 (1994)

[39] Lim JY, Ko HC, Lee H, Synth. Met., 155, 595 (2006)