ADU Compound Particle Preparation for HTGR Nuclear Fuel in Korea

Kyung-Chai Jeong; Sung-Chul Oh; Yeon-Ku Kim; Young-Woo Lee

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.13, No.5, 744-750, September, 2007

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ADU Compound Particle Preparation for HTGR Nuclear Fuel in Korea

Kyung-Chai Jeong^†, Sung-Chul Oh, Yeon-Ku Kim, and Young-Woo Lee

High Temperature Gas Reactor Fuel Development Division, Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-606, Korea

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Due to the continuous increase in demand for energy, nuclear energy is under serious consideration. Also, in connection with international interest and efforts in reducing the CO2 emissions, it is the cleanest energy source concerning a climatic influence; thus, it has gained special attention worldwide. The HTGR (High-Temperature Gas Reactor) has been spot-lighted as a next-generation nuclear power plant for clean hydrogen gas and electricity production. TRISO (Trisotropic)-coated fuel from the spherical UO2 kernel via a UN solution is used for the HTGR nuclear fuel. The sol-gel method has been studied with an aim of producing UO2 kernel particles. In this study, a spherical droplet preparation with a simulated PVA [poly(vinyl alcohol)] solution before the main experiment with a nuclear material and ADU (ammonium diuranate) compound particles via a UN solution, an intermediate, were prepared by the sol-gel method (gel-supported precipitation method) with a vibrating system. The characteristics of the ADU compound particles were analyzed using Steroscope, FT-IR spectroscopy, TG/DTA, and XRD techniques.

Keywords:UO2 kernel;sol-gel;TRISO;sphere

[References]

INEEL/EXT-05-02581, “Next Generation Nuclear Plant Research and Development Program Plan”, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (2005)
Chang JW, “Status of Hydrogen Production by Nuclear Power”, KAERI/AR-600/2001, KAERI (2001)
Mehner AW, Heit W, Rollig K, Ragoss H, Muller H, J. Nucl. Mater., 171, 9 (1990)
Beatty RL, Norman RE, Notz KJ, “Gelsphere-pac Fuel for Thermal Reactor-Assessment of Fabrication Technology and Irradiation Performance”, ORNL/TM-5469 (1979)
Ragone DV, “Fuel Fabrication Techniques for HTGR Fuels”. Proceedings of European Conference on Fuel Cycles of HTGR, Bruxelles (1965)
Nabilek H, Kaiser G, Hushka H, Ragoss H, Gagoss M, Theymann W, Nucl. Eng. Des., 78, 155 (1984)
Zimmer E, Naefe P, Ringel H, “United States-German High Temperature Reactor Research Exchange Program”, GERHTR-59 (1973)
Zimmer E, Naefe P, Ringel H, Radiochim. Acta, 25, 161 (1978)
Hass PA, Begovich JM, Ryon AD, Vavruska JS, “Chemical Flowsheet Conditions for Preparing Urania Spheres”, ORNL/TM-6850 (1979)
Brambilla G, Gerontopulos P, Neri D, Energia Nucleare, 17, 217 (1970)
Kanji JBW, Noothout AJ, Votocik O, “The KEMA U(VI)-Process for the Production of UO2 Microspheres”, IAEA-161, IAEA, Vienna (1974)
Hass PA, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 31, 959 (1992)
Naefe P, Zimmer E, Nucl. Technol., 42, 163 (1979)
Hass PA, Clinton SD, I & EC Product Res. Dev., 5, 236 (1966)
McBride JP, “Preparation of UO2Microspheres by a Sol-Gel Technique”, ORNL-3874 (1966)
Ringel HD, Zimmer E, Nucl. Technol., 45, 287 (1979)
Hackstein KG, Heit W, Theymann W, Kaiser G, Atomkernenerg Kerntech., 47, 163 (1985)
Alfredson PG, “Development of Processes for Pilot Plant Production of Purified Uranyl Nitrate Solution”, AAEC/E-344, Australia (1975)
Oh JH, Hwang DS, Lee KI, Choi YD, Hwang ST, Park JH, Park SJ, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 11(4), 481 (2005)
Muller A, “Establishment of the Technology to Manufacture Uranium Dioxide Kernels for PBMR Fuel”, Proceedings HTR 2006, October 1-4, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa (2006)
Collins JL, Lloyd MH, Fellows RL, Radiochim. Acta, 42, 121 (1987)
Hilbing JH, Heister SD, Phys. Fluids, 8, 1574 (1996)
Kadner M, Baier J, Kerntechnik, 18, 413 (1976)
Stuart WI, Whateley TL, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 31, 1639 (1969)
Jenkins R, McClune WF, “JCPDS Powder Diffraction File, Inorganic Phases, International Centre for Diffraction Data”, Park Lane, PA, USA (1986)

[Referenced By]

[1] INEEL/EXT-05-02581, “Next Generation Nuclear Plant Research and Development Program Plan”, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (2005)

[2] Chang JW, “Status of Hydrogen Production by Nuclear Power”, KAERI/AR-600/2001, KAERI (2001)

[3] Mehner AW, Heit W, Rollig K, Ragoss H, Muller H, J. Nucl. Mater., 171, 9 (1990)

[4] Beatty RL, Norman RE, Notz KJ, “Gelsphere-pac Fuel for Thermal Reactor-Assessment of Fabrication Technology and Irradiation Performance”, ORNL/TM-5469 (1979)

[5] Ragone DV, “Fuel Fabrication Techniques for HTGR Fuels”. Proceedings of European Conference on Fuel Cycles of HTGR, Bruxelles (1965)

[6] Nabilek H, Kaiser G, Hushka H, Ragoss H, Gagoss M, Theymann W, Nucl. Eng. Des., 78, 155 (1984)

[7] Zimmer E, Naefe P, Ringel H, “United States-German High Temperature Reactor Research Exchange Program”, GERHTR-59 (1973)

[8] Zimmer E, Naefe P, Ringel H, Radiochim. Acta, 25, 161 (1978)

[9] Hass PA, Begovich JM, Ryon AD, Vavruska JS, “Chemical Flowsheet Conditions for Preparing Urania Spheres”, ORNL/TM-6850 (1979)

[10] Brambilla G, Gerontopulos P, Neri D, Energia Nucleare, 17, 217 (1970)

[11] Kanji JBW, Noothout AJ, Votocik O, “The KEMA U(VI)-Process for the Production of UO2 Microspheres”, IAEA-161, IAEA, Vienna (1974)

[12] Hass PA, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 31, 959 (1992)

[13] Naefe P, Zimmer E, Nucl. Technol., 42, 163 (1979)

[14] Hass PA, Clinton SD, I & EC Product Res. Dev., 5, 236 (1966)

[15] McBride JP, “Preparation of UO2Microspheres by a Sol-Gel Technique”, ORNL-3874 (1966)

[16] Ringel HD, Zimmer E, Nucl. Technol., 45, 287 (1979)

[17] Hackstein KG, Heit W, Theymann W, Kaiser G, Atomkernenerg Kerntech., 47, 163 (1985)

[18] Alfredson PG, “Development of Processes for Pilot Plant Production of Purified Uranyl Nitrate Solution”, AAEC/E-344, Australia (1975)

[19] Oh JH, Hwang DS, Lee KI, Choi YD, Hwang ST, Park JH, Park SJ, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 11(4), 481 (2005)

[20] Muller A, “Establishment of the Technology to Manufacture Uranium Dioxide Kernels for PBMR Fuel”, Proceedings HTR 2006, October 1-4, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa (2006)

[21] Collins JL, Lloyd MH, Fellows RL, Radiochim. Acta, 42, 121 (1987)

[22] Hilbing JH, Heister SD, Phys. Fluids, 8, 1574 (1996)

[23] Kadner M, Baier J, Kerntechnik, 18, 413 (1976)

[24] Stuart WI, Whateley TL, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 31, 1639 (1969)

[25] Jenkins R, McClune WF, “JCPDS Powder Diffraction File, Inorganic Phases, International Centre for Diffraction Data”, Park Lane, PA, USA (1986)