A systematic study of the optical effects derived from plasmon coupling in mono- and multilayers of gold nanorods is presented. The monolayers were prepared using the standard polyelectrolyte-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) method and gold nanorods coated with either poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) or homogeneous silica shells. Such plasmon coupling leads in general to extensive red-shift and broadening of the longitudinal plasmon bands, which are discussed on the basis of recently reported theoretical modeling. Whereas for PVP-coated rods, strong interactions were observed for high-density monolayers and closely spaced multilayers, increasingly efficient screening is observed for thicker silica shells.