Reactions of tropolone with lead(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate, perchlorate, and nitrate in water/methanol mixtures at pH below 1.0 lead to the formation of three different polymeric lead(II) complexes, [Pb(trop)(CF3SO3)(H2O)](n) (1), [Pb-3(trop)(4)(ClO4)(2)](n) (2), and [Pb-2(trop)(2)(NO3)(2)(CH3OH)](n) (3), respectively. On the other hand, if the reactions are performed at pH above 2.0, the dimeric compound [Pb(trop)(2)](2) (4) is obtained independently of the lead(II) salt used, as long as lead(II) does not form any strong complexes with the counterion. The crystal structures of these compounds have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of solid tetrakis(tropolonato)lead(IV), Pb(trop)(4) (5), has been studied by means of the EXAFS technique because it was not possible to obtain sufficiently large single crystals. In the polymeric structures, the counterions are coordinated to the lead(II) ions and act as bridges. The tropolonato ligand behaves as a chelating agent and a tri- or tetraconnective bridge. The total coordination number of the lead(II) ion is five in compound 4, seven in 1 and 3, and eight in 2, and the lead(IV) ion in 5 is eight-coordinated. The 6s(2) lone electron pair on the lead(II) ion seems to be stereochemically active in all lead(II) complexes studied. All compounds have been characterized by IR spectroscopy as well.