In order to determine the temporal variation in the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in the vicinity of an old municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) (S, Adria del Besos, Barcelona, Spain), 24 soil and vegetation samples were collected at the same sampling points in which samples had been taken 1 year before, Each sample was analyzed fur PCDDs and PCDFs by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. While in the previous study PCDD/F concentrations in soil ranged from 1.22 to 34.28 ng I-TEQ/kg (median and mean values: 9.06 and 12.24 ng I-TEQ/kg), in the present study, PCDD/F levels ranged from 1,33 to 53.23 ng I-TEQ/kg (median and mean values: 11.85 and 14.91 ng I-TEQ/kg). On the other hand, in the previous study, PCDD/F levels in vegetation ranged From 0.33 to 1.98 ng I-TEQ/kg (median and mean values: 0.58 and 0.70 ng I-TEQ/kg), whereas in the present study, PCDD/F levels ranged from 0.32 to 2.52 ng I-TEQ/kg (median and mean values: 0.82 and 0.97 ng I-TEQ/kg). During the last 12 months, PCDD/F levels increased in 16 of the 24 soil samples and in 17 of the 24 vegetation samples analyzed. However, no significant differences in the median I-TEQ concentrations of both studies were found either in soil or vegetation samples.