화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol.89, No.5, 1659-1667, 2006
Dissociation of the < 001 > dislocations and their interactions with dislocation loops in tetragonal BaTiO3
Dislocations in pressureless-sintered BaTiO3 ceramics have been analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. Subjected to effective sintering stresses, dislocations were generated and multiplied in plastically deformed BaTiO3 crystals by the Frank - Read mechanism from both single- and double-ended sources. This is represented by dislocations encompassing a series of square-like borders that shared a common center. All border dislocations exhibited the characteristic scallop shape. True dislocation line directions (u) were determined by trace analysis and Burgers vectors (b) by contrast analysis for the dislocations dissociated from b = < 001 > into two half-partials following the type (I) reaction of < 001 > -> 1/2 < 001 > + 1/2 <(1) over bar 01 > by climb on {001}. Dislocation interactions between the main dislocations created from plastic deformation and dislocation loops of b = < 100 > or < 110 > forming condensation of intrinsic Schottky vacancies were also found to obey the type (IV) reaction of < 001 > + <(1) over bar 00 > -> <(1) over bar 01 >, the type (V) reactions of < 001 > + < 110 > -> < 111 > or < 001 > + < 10 (1) over bar > -> < 100 >. Migrating dislocations and loops interacting mutually in several stages, illustrated schematically, before arriving at the configuration described by types (IV) and (V) were observed and discussed.