Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol.223, No.3, 376-382, 2001
Growth and properties of ferroelectric potassium lithium niobate (KLN) crystal grown by the Czochralski method
The ferroelectric potassium lithium niobate (KLN) crystals with tungsten-bronze-type structure were grown by the Czochralski method. Usually, the growth of ferroelectric KLN crystal was very difficult and as-grown KLN crystals have cracks. These problems were investigated in relation with growth axis and different solid solution. For the growth of high quality and crack-free KLN crystals, the growth conditions and properties of ferroelectric KLN crystal were investigated. The grown KLN crystals are single-crystalline and belong to the tetragonal system with the lattice constants a = b = 1.2500-1.2551 nm and c = 0.3996-0.4009 nm. The diffuse dielectric anomaly was observed for these KLN crystals. The width of phase-transition region and phase-transition temperature depends both on the compositional fluctuations and the compositional variations.
Keywords:bulk crystal growth;Czochralski method;growth from melt;materials by type;oxides;potassium compounds;tungsten bronzes;ferroelectric materials;materials by property class