We have developed a novel vector system for the efficient assembly of polydactyl zinc fingers. Next to proteins that possess short canonical TGEKP linkers between all constituting zinc fingers we constructed proteins with longer, 12 amino acid linkers between two three-finger (317) units and between three two-finger (217) units. Fusions Of these zinc finger domains with the VP16 activation domain were tested for their ability to regulate a repressed genomic locus containing Contiguous or noncontiguous zinc finger binding sites in yeast. I it contrast to other Studies, which were mostly confined to in vitro tests, we did not obtain evidence that superior artificial zinc finger transcription factors need to contain longer linkers between individual fingers. For the regulation of genomic loci, canonical linkers within a highly regular backbone in combination with it contiguous 18 base pair DNA target Site Were found to provide a Sound base for polydactyl zinc finger design. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.