Cellulose/Ammonia/Ammonium thiocyanate 액정 용액으로부터 제조된 섬유 및 필름의 특성

양갑승; Theil MH; Cuculo JA

Polymer(Korea), Vol.15, No.3, 340-347, June, 1991

Properties of Fibers and Films Formed from Anisotropic Solutions of Cellulose in the Ammonia/Ammonium Thiocyanate Solvent

양갑승, Theil MH, Cuculo JA

초록

NH₃/NH₄SCN에서의 셀룰로오스 액정용액을 이용하여 섬유와 필름을 제조하였다. 그 제조된 섬유와 필름의 물리적인 특성을 사용된 액정용액의 분자배열 상태에 근거하여 비교 설명하였다. 이 셀룰로오스/NH₃/NH₄ SCN계에서 생성된 액정은 nematic과 cholesteric의 두가지 상을 나타냈으며, nematic 상으로부터 방사된 섬유는 cholesteric상으로부터 방사된 섬유에 비해서 섬유내에서의 분자 배향이 우수했으며, 피브릴 구조가 잘 발달되어 있고, 강성(modulus)도 월등히 컸다. Nematic 용액을 dry-jet wet 방사하여 얻은 섬유의 강성은 강력 재생 셀룰로오스 섬유로 알려져 있는 Fortison 섬유의 강성과 비슷하였다. Nematic 용액으로부터 제조된 필름은 좋은 외관으로 투명하였으며 물리적인 특성은 시판 Cellophane^®과 필적하였다.

Fibers and films were formed from mesophase solutions of cellulose in the ammonia/ammonium thiocyanate solvent. The physical properties of the fibers and films were discussed on the basis of the properties of the mesophase solution used. Cholesteric and nematic solutions were formed in the solutions. Fibers were extruded from the both kinds of solutions. The fibers from the nematic solutions were more highly oriented, more fibrillar in texture and apparently stiffer than those from the cholesteric solutions. The fibers spun in the technique of dry-jet wet by using the nematic solution had moduli comparable to those of Fortisan^®. The films made from these mesophase solutions had good appearance and strength which were comparable with those of commercial Cellophane^®.

[References]

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[1] Chanzy H, Peguy A, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 18, 1137 (1980)

[2] Patel DL, Gilbert RD, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 19, 1231 (1981)

[3] Conio C, Corrazza P, Vianchi E, Tealdi A, Ciferri A, J. Polym. Sci. C: Polym. Lett., 22, 273 (1984)

[4] Gray DG, J. Polym. Sci. Appl. Polym. Symp., 37, 179 (1983)

[5] O'Brien JP, U.S. Patent, 4,464,323 (1984)

[6] Liu CK, Cuculo JA, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., to submitted

[7] Cuculo JA, Hudson SM, U.S. Patent, 4,367,191 (1983)

[8] Yang KS, Theil MH, Cuculo JA, Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser., 384, 156 (1988)

[9] Yang KS, Theil MH, Cuculo JA, J. Polym. Sci., Accepted, May (1990)

[10] Flory PJ, Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A, 234, 73 (1956)

[11] Kwolek SL, Morgan PW, Schaefgen JR, Gulrich LW, Polym. Prepr., 17(1), 53 (1976)

[12] Tesi AF, "Man-Made Textile Encyclopedia," J.J. Press Ed. : Textile Book : NY, Chapter 3 (1959)

[13] Kwolek SL, U.S. Patent, 3,671,542 (1972)

[14] Balbi C, Bianchi E, Tealdi CA, Krigbaum WR, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 18, 2037 (1980)

[15] Blackwell J, Private Communication

[16] Hermans PH, Weidinger A, J. Polym. Sci., 4, 1135 (1948)

[17] Valentine L, J. Polym. Sci., 27, 313 (1958)

[18] Nelson ML, O'Connor RT, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 8, 1325 (1964)