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Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, Vol.5, No.8, B28-B31, 2002
Microstructural analysis of artificially formed patinas on copper
We analyzed artificially formed copper patinas to obtain microstructural information by means of transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy, electron diffraction (ED), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). We found that there were two different phases in the patinas. One was a well-crystallized phase composed of copper, sulfur, and oxygen, and whose ED pattern exhibited many spots. The ED and XRD patterns revealed that this crystalline phase was antlerite Cu3SO4(OH)(4). The other phase was a noncrystalline phase with no spots but with a diffused pattern. This phase also contained copper, sulfur, and oxygen; however, the sulfur X-ray intensity was much stronger than that from the crystallized phase. We believe this phase to be composed of cuprite Cu2O and sulfate. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society.