To increase electrode cycling performance in lithium batteries, most researchers generally play on the active material optimization. In this paper, it is shown that there is also a need for fundamental studies in the field of nonactive components of the composite electrode. Optimization of the environment of Li1.2V3O8 active material within the composite electrode leads to a room-temperature cycling capacity of 280 mAh/g instead of 180 mAh/g with Bellcore-type electrode. Well performing composite electrode was achieved with efficient electronic conduction network, good carbon black/Li1.2V3O8 interface, and total collection of active material grains. The key role of the homogeneous and efficient carbon black (CB) distribution, due to good interactions between pre-plastifed polyethylene oxide binder and CB, and optimized PEO/CB ratio, has been determined. (C) 2004 The Electrochemical Society.