CdS arrays, nanowires, and nanocombs were selectively prepared through an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) process with CdCl2 and S as sources. The morphologies could be controlled by adjusting the deposition position, the temperature, and the flux of the carrier gas. The phase structure, morphologies, and photoluminescence properties of the CdS products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The formation mechanism of the nanowires is discussed on the basis of the experimental results. The adopted synthetic route is expected to be applied in the synthesis of other metal sulfide one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures.