Dogs and cats have become an integral part of modern society in the developed world and as such attention is given to their care and welfare. At some stage of their lives many cats and dogs suffer from skin and other superficial staphylococcal infections such as pyoderma and otitis externa and are therefore treated with antibiotics. This practice has led to the emergence of resistant staphylococci in these animals. Antimicrobial susceptibility studies in companion animals have revealed that staphylococci isolated from cats and dogs exhibit similar resistance patterns to human staphylococci and that resistance development is influenced by the frequency of use of certain antibiotics. This review examines the antibiotic resistance patterns of the most frequently isolated staphylococci from cats and dogs and the mechanisms underlying resistance. The possible transfer of methicillin-resistant staphylococci from cats and dogs to humans has been identified as a potential public health issue. Typing tools used for epidemiological differentiation of pathogenic and nonpathogenic staphylococci and for species identification studies may help to elucidate the importance or otherwise of this problem.