The large industrial production systems face several conflicting challenges of energy efficiency improvements, lower consumption of raw materials per unit of production, extending the product durability, minimizing the environmental impacts, and cautious use of natural resources. In this context it is well obvious that the optimization problem is multiobjective in nature. The paper emphasizes critical review of optimization methods of large-scale industrial production systems and presentation of a novel systematic multiobjective and multiscale optimization methodology based mainly on a combined local optimality search with global optima determination, and advanced system decomposition and constraint handling. (C) Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Natural Resources, 2007.